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Firefighter Proving Grounds

"Firefighter Proving Grounds is a community dedicated to the advancement of strategy and tactics in firefighting and technical rescue."

Tool Breakdown: Cordless Angle Grinder By: Top Floor Tactics & Urban Fire Training

Cordless-Angle-Grinder

The DEWALT 4.5-in 20-Volt Cordless Angle Grinder an incredibly lightweight and useful tool that unfortunately gets overlooked more often than not, simply because many don’t understand the full capacity of where and when to apply it. DEWALT 4.5-in 20-Volt Cordless Angle Grinder has become a tremendous addition to the roof or outside vent firefighters complement of tools. Weighing in at only 4lbs yet delivering 8,000-RPM of high-power cutting and grinding fury. This little tool can pack quite the punch on the fireground.

 

Two separate blades can be used with this tool, similar to a partner saw.IMG 3613

Diamond-Cut Blade, with up to 70x more life as an abrasive disc. This single blade will outlast as many as 70 abrasive blades providing the lowest cost per cut. Unlike traditional abrasive discs that shrink with use, the Diamond Cut Blade maintains its size and consistent cutting depth, even after a thousand cuts. However, these blades cut noticeably slower than the traditional abrasive disc.

Aluminum Oxide blade or (abrasive disc) is much more affordable and alternative than the diamond cut blade. You will cut much faster with the abrasive disc but expel your blade almost instantly when attacking something of substantial size.

I prefer the aluminum oxide blade over the Diamond Cut Blade for this tool solely for the application of an angle grinder. Most times, this tool is for attacking quickly and taking short cuts rather than using a forcible entry partner saw, where your cuts are extended, or a large area needs to be opened up, such as roll down gates or faced with multiple locks.

Now let's talk about why the DEWALT 4.5-in 20-Volt Cordless Angle Grinder has become a game-changer on the fire ground and examine some of the scenarios where you might want to put this tool into operation. Yes, this tool makes quick work of standard padlocks and steal linked chain, but it's so much more than that. Think about the roof firefighter operating on the floor above in a fireproof multiple dwelling. By law, all multiple dwellings should have child safety gates in place. If conditions dictate to get the KO curtain into operation quickly, or more importantly, the Life-Saving rope, the angle grinder will make quick work of the child gates clearing your area quickly and effectively to carry out your job like a professional.

IMG 3615With that in mind, some companies carry bolt cutters to the roof (especially when taking the adjoining building) strictly to ensure you will be able to remove any fencing that separates yourself from the actual fire building.The angle grinder only weighs 4lbs, and if modified with a sling or strap, in my opinion, it’s a no brainer to take it over the bolt cutters when going to the roof.

Also, carrying the DEWALT 4.5-in 20-Volt Cordless Angle Grinder, when assigned the outside vent position, provides almost countless opportunities to put this tool to work effectively. Think about how many obstacles you face merely just getting yourself into position. Locked gates, chains, and fences, just to name a few. I can think of more times than not where I've thought to myself fuck I wish I had the saw while making my way to the rear. Now once you gain your position on the fire, you can attack window bars, child gates, or fire escape gates like a gentleman.

IMG 3618

Also, this tool becomes a tremendous asset while operating at vacant building fires.Think about how awkward attacking carriage bolts of HUD windows can be, especially when operating a saw above your head from a portable ground ladder. With the angle grinder, you can now comfortably take HUD windows where previously it had been challenging to get the saw into position.

Whether it’s operating off a ground ladder, cutting locks, gates, window bars, or fencing, the DEWALT 4.5-in 20-Volt Cordless Angle Grinder is a tool that will change the way we operate on the fire ground. Be aware there are many Cordless Grinders on today's market that hit different price points yet are very similar in use. Find what works for you and your department, and take steps to change the game.

Authors: Mick Farrell @Topfloortactics

Captain Brian Butler @Urbanfiretraining

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Mixed Occupancy #5

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This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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Multiple Dwelling with exposure issues

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Building Information:

Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwelling with Single Room Occupancies throughout (SRO)
Heavy Clutter on third and fourth floors


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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FFPG is a Proud Supporter of HEAT STRAPS LLC

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"Size-Up Series" Mixed Occupancy #4

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This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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"Multiple Family" Private Dwelling

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Building Information:

 3 Story Peaked Roof Multiple Family Private Dwelling

***There are two entrances with different addresses***

Note: For this drill you are responding to a report of a fire in a private dwelling with people trapped.

 


This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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6 Story Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwelling

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Building Information:

6 Story non-fireproof Multiple Dwelling with commercial on the first floor 

 


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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Mixed Occupancy #3

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Building Information:

4 Story non-fireproof mixed occupancy

No sprinkler System


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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Engine Company Operations : Solving problems by addressing the basics

Engine Company Operations Solving problems by addressing the basics

Engine Company Operations: Solving problems by addressing the basics

FullSizeRenderBenjamin Franklin's first organized volunteer fire department in Philadelphia in 1736 had many commonalities to our fire service today, with one underlying component that may be the most important factor - water delivery.  Many things have changed since the first fire department, but the vital component of water delivery may be one thing that has changed the least. Water delivery to the fire area is the heart of the fire service and we must perfect every aspect of it.

NIOSH reports on line of duty deaths are filled with investigations, interviews, and recommendations. Far too often the “contributing factors” section is filled with phrases such as “failure to deploy hose line,” “inadequate water supply,” “engine tactics,” “line coordination,” or “delay in getting water.” 

 Why do we continue to see this? Why is water application such a common difficulty? What are we doing wrong, and how do we make sure we are getting water to the seat of the fire?

In these next few posts we will be discussing how we can help prevent some of these ongoing problems.  We are not recreating the wheel. We are all here to do what the fire service does best: pass on the information we have been taught to our peers and the next generation. We will focus on engine company basics and our mission: water delivery, application, and extinguishment.

Preparing for the response

It has been said that the size-up starts at the receipt of the alarm. We believe otherwise. Size-up is an ongoing process as you go on your “nuisance” runs - alarms, bells, smells, and EMS responses.  For volunteer firefighters, you have the advantage of living where you work and being familiar with layouts, occupancy types, storage/clutter conditions, and hydrant locations. We know the types of buildings we are responding to and how our water supply is delivered.  

Are we located in an urban setting with fire hydrants every few hundred feet?

Do we live in a rural area where we need to draft or relay water via tankers? Or, perhaps we have a mix of both.  

Identifying our water source is vital so we can prepare our hose beds.  Hose beds in your department should be uniform for ease of use by any member, but must also be tailored to your community’s needs (building types, topography, and hydrant locations).

What are your department’s guidelines on stretching?  Are we prepared to backstretch (fire to hydrant), estimating and controlling a stretch of a dead bed or static bed? Is it procedure to in-line stretch (hydrant to fire) securing a water source and stretching supply line to the vicinity of the fire building? Some apparatus may be set up to stretch a multitude of ways. If this is the case, do we know when and how to deploy each?

backS2The Backstretch ( Fire to Hydrant):  With this system, the first arriving engine apparatus stops in the front of the fire building.  With the backstep in line, or just past the entrance, the hand stretch will begin.  Firefighters estimate the amount of hose needed to reach the fire. Generally, pre-connected attack lines are not used when performing a back stretch. The hose will come from the back step, either from a static or dead bed.  The nozzle firefighter takes a sufficient amount of hose, either one or two lengths (this will be discussed in a later post) then takes a few steps and stops. Next the back-up firefighter will take their folds. If staffing provides for more firefighters beyond this point, they would do the same.  If not, the last firefighter will estimate and remove the remaining amount of hose needed for the stretch to reach the main body of fire and lay it along the curb line or on the sidewalk if possible. It's important not to place it in the street. This will delay and or impede positioning of later arriving aerial apparatus.  Once enough hose is in the street the nozzle firefighter can advance through the building as the engine chauffeur is signaled to proceed to the hydrant. This allows the apparatus to stretch the remaining hose. Upon arrival at the hydrant, the chauffeur can now test and hook up the supply line. In an instance where a time consuming stretch is anticipated i.e. upper floors, or long hallways, the chauffeur can also break the line or control the stretch himself and connect to a discharge.  

 Experience has shown that doing this prior to completing the hook up of a supply line allows for the chauffeur to give tank water at the moment it is called for. Then he can concentrate the efforts of getting a supply line connected to the water source. **If implemented in this order the chauffeur MUST ENSURE ALL OPERATING UNITS ARE AWARE THE ATTACK LINE IS ON TANK WATER ONLY. Once hydrant water is introduced, a like communication must take place. In a time where the fire service is strapped for manpower, whether it's recruitment and retention on the volunteer side or battling city hall for sufficient staffing on the career side, significant consideration must be taken on how we are prepared to quickly deploy our initial attack lines. Using the backstretch takes the least amount of personnel and with regular practice can be successfully implemented thus getting water to the seat of the fire quickly.

With this system, a minimum of three firefighters can stretch, flake out, chase kinks, and possibly begin the initial attack. Members on the stretch, with the exception of the nozzle position, must remember to be fluid throughout the operation. These members must continue to move up and down the line to ensure butts don’t get caught on tires, under doors, banisters, stairs, or any other obstructions in the path of the line.  The nozzle firefighter does not need anyone to “back them up” while stretching or flaking out the line.

 The back stretch is a great option when manpower is short if hydrant distances are not extreme and the hose beds are prepared accordingly.  Stretching in this fashion also allows for the front of the building to be left open for later arriving aerial apparatus, whether it be first or second due or FAST/RIT.

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"Size-Up Series" Mixed Occupancy #2

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Building Information:

 
3 Story Flat Roof Mixed occupancy.
 
Bakery on the 1st floor with apartments on the 2nd and 3rd floors.
 

Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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The Murder of John Nance

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“Firefighter rescue from a lower grade, confined area, collapse voids, where basement situation can be one of the most difficult rescue efforts to perform. As was revealed in a firefighter fatality incident in Columbus, Ohio involving fire for you John Nance, the difficulty of raising the unconscious weight of a firefighter (approximately 200 to 300 pounds) vertically is extremely difficult and dangerous to both victim and rescuers. The following case study provided humbling experience that awakens the fire service to the need for improved training firefighter rescue and survival

-Excerpt from “Firefighter Rescue and Survival” By: Ray Hoff and Bob Kolomay Pg: 195-198

Lt. John Nance, Columbus Division of Fire.  Killed July 25, 1987 while fighting a fire in the Mithoff Building at 151 N. High St.

The Story:

Saturday, July 25, started out as a routine day for Nance and the other men of Engine House Number Two. They began their 24-hour tour of duty at 8 that morning, and much of the early part of their day was spent doing the routine: They ran checks on a few fire hydrants. They polished their fire engines. They cleaned up around the station house. Saturdays usually are fun days to work at a downtown fire station. The mood is more relaxed than it is during the regular work week. Fire and squad runs are more infrequent. The thousands of downtown office workers are home in the suburbs. For the weekend, at least, their safety is the responsibility of some other fire department, or some other Columbus fire station.

This was Pizza Night at Station Two-a Saturday tradition that got started out of sympathy for Nance, the popular but overworked station-house cook. Fixing three meals a day for 21 hungry and finicky men is not an easy job, and not one that carries extra financial rewards for a shift’s designated cook, although he or she does then escape other chores. Nance was a good cook; his Sunday breakfasts-Army-sized helpings of eggs, ham, sausage, hash browns, waffles, pancakes and other dishes-were legendary. On Saturday nights, though, he rested, and the men ordered out for pizza.

The pizza arrived about 9:30 pm, just as Nance and a few other men were finishing a volleyball game on a makeshift court behind the station house. Volleyball is a big deal at Station Two. The firefighters play it to keep fit and to relieve the boredom that accompanies their hurry-up-and-wait profession. The men were sweating as they walked into the kitchen and sat down at the big dining room table. It was hot and muggy that night, the temperature still well into the 80s. Assistant safety director John Morgan was visiting as dinner began. Morgan, a dedicated fire chaser, often dropped by the station house just to check out the action. The group ate and talked.

Meanwhile, on the other side of downtown, a figure moved through a dark basement in the Mithoff Building at 151 N. High St. He pushed aside empty cartons and cardboard boxes, poured out a flammable liquid and set one, maybe two, possibly three, fires. As the men from Station Two were finishing their pizza, the person who had set the fires fled the building. The flames spread up the wall to the ceiling and the wooden floor joists in the basement. Smoke appeared over High Street.

The alarm

The first emergency telephone call rang into the divisional Fire Alarm Office just before 10:10 pm. It was someone calling from a pay phone inside the Clock Restaurant, next door to the Mithoff Building. Smoke was pouring out of the first-floor windows, the caller told the fire dispatcher. A few seconds later, two more calls came in-one from someone at a pay phone in the YMCA, another from a streetside phone on High Street. Both callers had the same report: smoke in the area of the Mithoff Building.

The fire dispatcher turned to his colleague on the alarm control board and reported the fire. The board officer pushed the alarm button and a high-pitched alarm tone echoed into the department’s two downtown fire stations, Engine House Number One, on the northern edge of downtown on North Fourth Street, and Nance’s Engine House Number Two. Capt. Ted Porter, the commander at Two that night, remembers hearing the tone and thinking, “Well, it’s time to go to work.”

The crews from Station Two boarded their fire engines and sped north on Fourth Street, sirens blaring. The caravan of green and red vehicles turned left on Long Street, going the wrong way on that one-way street, and took a right on High Street. The crews from Station One were closer. They raced west on Nationwide Boulevard, turned left at High and were in front of the Mithoff Building within seconds.

The first company to report on the scene was Engine One-at 10:12 pm. Arriving and reporting immediately after that were Engines Nine and Three. Nance was the acting lieutenant on Engine Three, which meant he was in direct command of three firefighters: engine driver Marvin Howard and hosemen Tim Cave and Don Weldon.

The initial attack

The fire department uses a special battle plan to fight downtown office building fires. Firefighters and equipment from the two downtown station houses are organized into two corresponding attack forces known as Task Force One and Task Force Two. These firefighting units have the specialized equipment designed to fight fires in high-rise buildings.

Task Force One took up position in front of the Mithoff Building. Arriving firefighters saw smoke coming out of the Wall Flower Shop, which was on the ground floor in the center of the four-story, 11,500-square-foot structure. Assistant Chief Neil Mills took charge at the scene, setting up a command post on High Street. Firefighters broke the glass front door of the flower shop with an ax and advanced a one-and-a-half-inch hose line from one of the engines into the building to search for the fire.

In the meantime, personnel from Task Force Two, Nance’s group, already had arrived at the rear of the building and were setting up in a staging area on Wall Alley. The firefighters saw smoke coming from the rear of the structure-in a one-story section that doubled as a storage area for Russell’s Tall Girl Shoes. The smoke was fairly heavy but was hanging close to sidewalk level. That indicated they were dealing with a basement fire. Capt. Porter took command in the rear. As the firefighters put on their air masks, he looked for water connections for the hose lines. He also was responsible for assessing the danger the blaze presented to nearby buildings, including the YMCA and the Clock Restaurant.

Nance’s Engine Three crew had been first on the scene in Wall Alley. It also was the first to complete suiting up. As their hose lines were charged with water, Nance, Cave and Weldon prepared to enter the shoe shop storage room. Cave used a sledge hammer to knock down the door. All three then went into the building, dragging the heavy hose line with them. Cave almost immediately had problems with his air mask and had to leave the building for a short time. By this time, however, crews from Ladder Two, commanded by Lt. Jim Welch, and Engine Two, commanded by Lt. Melvin Olney, had followed Nance’s group into the storage room. About 10 men from Task Force Two were now in the building.

Their job was to find the fire. “The smoke was dense, so we crawled forward,” says Don Weldon. “We were advancing the nozzle forward. The line was charged at the time, so it was hard to pull in. We were yelling back for people to feed us more hose in so we could advance more. While advancing, we were feeling the floor, testing the floor to see if it was spongy or if it was weak. And we were listening. Sometimes you can hear the fire actually popping or cracking. And we were looking for the glow.”

The second alarm

At 10:21 pm, Assistant Chief Mills called for a standby second alarm. That meant that extra equipment was to be sent to a staging area near the fire scene so that it could be drawn upon as needed. But the fire became a full-fledged, or working, second alarm even before the equipment reached the staging area. At 10:40 pm, it was upgraded to a two-alarm fire with extra companies. Firefighters still hadn’t seen any fire, but the volume of smoke was growing.

Battalion Chief Jerry Lindsay was part of the second wave of firefighters reporting to the scene. He went to the back of the building and took over command of Task Force Two. He remembers noticing that the smoke billowing from the building was starting to become thicker. He crouched in the rear doorway of the shoe shop, trying to size up the situation amid the noise and confusion of the fire scene.

As he looked into the building, he could see that the smoke seemed to be clinging to the floor of the storage room-a clear indication that there was fire in the basement.

Lindsay had fought basement fires before-they weren’t that tough to put out, as long as firefighters were able to get to the seat of the fire. But for some reason Lindsay felt nervous as he watched the smoke roll across the floor. In a report he filed after the fire, he wrote that there was something particularly “ominous” about this basement fire. It made him uncomfortable-gave him an unexplainable feeling of dread.

Fire hunting

Meanwhile, inside the smoke-filled building, the search for the fire continued-unsuccessfully, at first. The firefighters in the front and back were hampered, most of all, by the size of the building. It was more than 350 feet deep, from High Street back to Wall Alley. With all the smoke, the going was very slow. Crews had to crawl on all fours, keeping close to the walls or hose lines so they wouldn’t get lost.

The firefighters in the front-in the flower shop-had poor visibility, less than three feet with lights. They also encountered a lot of obstacles: merchandise, coolers for the flowers, display counters. Nevertheless, they managed to find a stairway down into the flower shop basement. They started to take a hose line down, but soon reached a point where they couldn’t advance the line any farther. Either the line was too short, or it was too heavy to carry with all the water charging through it. Their air tanks soon began to run low; they’d used a lot getting into the building and even more lugging the heavy line into the basement. So the firefighters in the front left the building, some of them running out of air before they could reach the street.

At the back of the building, Nance and his crew encountered the same visibility conditions. Even with flashlights, they could see only a few feet in front of their faces. They also felt excessive heat coming up from the floor, evidence that the fire was beneath them. They looked for an entrance to the basement, but couldn’t find one. Part of the problem was that they thought that the heat they were feeling was coming from the same basement that the Task Force One group had just found in the front of the building. In fact, there were two basements, separated by partitions and hallways.

Many of the firefighters in the shoe shop storage area were now becoming exhausted by the heat and were running out of air. Numerous men, including Nance and the firefighters in his crew, left the building to change air bottles and be hosed down with water. “Warning bells on the self-contained breathing units were ringing, and men were becoming physically exhausted from the combination of the hot, muggy weather, the heavy, nonporous turn-out gear, the extra weight of the air bottles and equipment, and the increasing heat from the fire which was building below them,” wrote Lindsay.

Lindsay says he saw Nance and the rest of his crew before they went into the building a second time. They were standing at the door, getting ready to make the second assault. “I talked to John,” says Lindsay. “I said I wanted him to take a rope with him. I wanted him to tie off a rope, a lifeline, and take it in with him. And I remember him saying, ‘Can’t we just follow the hose line in?’ And I said, ‘No, I want you to take a rope.’ Nance followed the chief’s orders and took the rope into the building.

Shortly after that, Lindsay ordered several other firefighters to take power saws into the building. The idea was to open holes in the floor so that firefighters could get water onto the fire. Two power saws were brought to the storage room door. Both were started before the remaining firefighters re-entered the building.

Firefighter down!

No one knows exactly how John Nance fell into the shoe shop basement. But fire officials now believe he was searching for a place to cut a hole in the floor when he tumbled through a hole that had been burned into the floor by the fire. The hole was about 70 feet from the Wall Alley doors, just to the left of another door in the storage room’s far wall, an entry to the shoe store.

Nance and his crew had reentered the building not knowing that power saws already had been ordered in to cut the floor. Cave was with him in the storage room at the time, checking the floor and looking for the fire. “I said, ‘We’ve got a fire burning underneath us. We’ve got to open the floor up,’ remembers Cave. “He said, ‘Go ask Chief Lindsay. Get the saw and ask him where he wants it opened up.’ ” Cave left the building, figuring that Nance would wait close to the hose line until he got back with the saw. But when he got back inside he saw another firefighter with a ladder and a saw standing near the hose line. But no Nance. “Where’s Nance?” Cave asked. “I don’t know,” the other firefighter replied.

While Cave was outside the back of the building, however, things were happening in the front. The crews from Task Force One had found the door from the shoe shop leading into the storage room, although they didn’t know that that’s where it led at the time. They thought they had reached the back of the building and the alley.

Brian Willison, the acting lieutenant on Engine 10, led the Task Force One crew. They had broken a window to get into the shoe shop, and were following the interior walls looking for the fire when they found the door. There was a lot of smoke, and they couldn’t see. Willison was confident they had reached the alley. “I was thinking if we were that close to the alley maybe we could go back and assist them with the lines,” he says. “So I started to go out the back, and as soon as I stepped out into the doorway I fell into the hole. As I was falling, I was grabbing for whatever. I got ahold of something and fell across the hole and I pulled myself out. And in the middle of pulling myself out I heard John screaming for help.”

Willison knew Nance was in deep trouble. The heat in the hole was intense; his legs had been burned as he scrambled to pull himself to floor level. He also noticed that the hole was about 12 feet deep and clogged with thick smoke. It was going to be hard to get Nance out of there. “The only thing I could see was an orange glow,” he says. “I couldn’t see any flames or lights or anything. All I could see was an orange glow. Of course, there was a lot of smoke. I answered him and then I radioed out that we had a man in the basement yelling for help.” Willison repeated the message three times. “Engine 10 to Command Post, we have a firefighter down! A firefighter has fallen into the basement and is trapped!”

The communications to Chief Mills, however, were garbled. He heard that a man was down, but didn’t get the information on where he was trapped. Mills assumed it was one of the guys who went in with Willison in the front of the building. He started checking heads. Finally, he determined it was one of the men from Task Force Two that was trapped. He then went to the rear of the building.

One of the firefighters who clearly heard Willison’s transmission was in the flower shop basement at the end of the hose line. He yelled on the radio for someone to drop a light through the hole so he could find the trapped firefighter. But that effort was futile. Nance was in a different basement.

At this point, Willison was running out of air and had a long way to go to get back to the front of the building. After he made his radio broadcast, he saw men with lights advancing through the back door. “I told John to hang on,” says Willison. “That they’d be with him in a second.”

One of the lights Willison saw was being carried by Tim Cave, who had reentered the storage room to tell Nance about Chief Lindsay’s saw order. When he couldn’t find Nance, he went ahead and followed the hose line to where it ended. “I heard someone say ‘Help!’ ” says Cave. “I had no idea it was John. I said, ‘Where are you?’ He said, ‘I’m right up here.’ ”

There’s an unwritten rule in the fire department: Never leave the safety of a hose line. In a smoke filled room it’s your only sure way out. But Cave had to leave the hose line to reach the source of the human voice that was calling to him. “I crawled on my stomach with my flashlight,” says Cave. “I found the hole and my arm went down. I asked, ‘Can you see my light?’ I stuck it down there. He said, ‘Yeah, I can see it.’ He was very calm, like he was just standing there waiting for me to get him the hell out of there. I said, ‘OK, how far down are you? Can you reach my hand?’ And he reached up and grabbed my hand. He must have been standing on some stock because it was a real deep basement. I was able to reach down and I could see his blue glove meet mine. All I could make out was a hand with my light on it.”

Cave tried to pull Nance out of the hole with one hand. But as he tugged, he began to feel himself slipping. “I was starting to slide into the same hole, too. Just the weight of him. I was starting to slip and I felt my shoulder starting to go. And I said, ‘I can’t pull you out.’ And he very calmly said, ‘OK,’ and gave me my hand back.”

“In retrospect, that’s kind of the way John was,” says Cave. “If I were in a hole and I was panicked and somebody stuck their hand down at me, I’d think that I’d hold on for all I got. He had enough presence of mind, knowing that he was trapped, that there was no way I could one-hand him out of there.”

Cave saw lights advancing toward him from the alleyway and yelled out. Lt. Welch and several other firefighters hurried their pace and gathered with Cave around the hole.

By this time, Willison’s frantic radio message had reached every firefighter on the scene at the Mithoff Building. Everyone was aware that someone was trapped, although most had no idea yet who it was. “The next few minutes bordered on pure confusion,” wrote Lindsay in his report. As firefighters lunged out of the fire building, desperately low on air, Lindsay called for fresh crews to attempt a rescue.

“There was no doubt in my mind at the time that we were going to go in and get him. It was as simple as that. I just couldn’t conceive of not being able to get him out of there.”

Lindsay waited by the storage room door, “fully expecting at any second to see one or more firefighters dragging or carrying the firefighter from the building. I became more and more concerned as the smoke became the thicker and no rescued firefighter appeared.”

The rescue attempts

Inside the building, things were just as hectic and confused. Lt. Welch and firefighter Weldon and others had brought in another hose line and rope to try a rescue. The first man on the hose attempted to pour water into the hole to cool Nance off. But the hose wouldn’t reach. The men then found the rope that Nance brought into the building and decided to lower it to him and pull him out. Nance grabbed the rope. “There were three of us that pulled up,” says Lt. Welch. “We had a weight on the rope, but when we got up to within about three feet of the hole we just lost all the weight. It was like you got a fish on the line and then the fish fell off. I knew we needed more people to hoist the line because there was a tremendous amount of weight on there.” Nance stood 5-foot-8 and weighed 162 pounds-but with his equipment he probably weighed closer to 300 pounds. Welch went outside for more help.”

In the meantime, the firefighters still at the hole tried another rope rescue. This time, Weldon tied a bowline knot in the rope to give Nance something to hold on to. Nance himself tied two more knots in the rope once it was lowered to him. There were more men pulling on the rope this time. But the attempt failed. Nance, who by this time was becoming exhausted by the heat, fell off the rope about halfway up. Somebody yelled that they needed a ladder. Nance agreed. “Get me a ladder,” he said. Within minutes, the firefighters had more ladders than they knew what to do with. Everyone wanted to help.

One of the ladders was lowered into the hole. But the hole was not big enough to allow a man to squeeze through it with a ladder in place. So the firefighters spent the next few frantic minutes enlarging the hole.

While they worked, the conditions in the building and especially around the hole were deteriorating. The heat in the hole was intense; the firefighters could feel it through their knee pads and gloves, which are rated to withstand temperatures of more than 1,000 degrees. Nance’s protective fire gear was keeping him from being burned. But he also was running out of air; carbon monoxide from the smoke was entering his bloodstream, making him lightheaded and disoriented. Several firefighters heard him say, “I need air.”

With the hole finally enlarged, the firefighters worked quickly to lower the ladder again. Nance started to climb-but he was coming up the wrong side, the underside of the ladder. He struck his head several times on the floor joists. Firefighter Tim Strominger, of Station Two, leaned into the hole and tried to help Nance get turned around. An air bottle was lowered into the hole.

“I was on my stomach, trying to reach down,” says Strominger. “I shined my light down there and he started climbing up the ladder. He was climbing up the ladder, but he was climbing up the wrong side. There was no way he could get up. I reached down there to try and get him around to the other side. I had his hands, trying to turn him around. I thought he was home free... And then he fell... I could see the fire where he was, where the hole was. Then my air bottle started ringing, and I had to get out of there.”

The conditions in the hole were becoming hellish. Strominger had been in the hole only a few minutes. But when he got outside, steam was rolling off his body. He couldn’t move. He just fell to the ground. Strominger’s hair was so hot that a fellow firefighter burned his hand lowering the exhausted firefighter’s head to the ground. Later, at a hospital, his body temperature was measured at 106 degrees.

Back inside, firefighter Art Wiley tried a dramatic rescue. “Wiley started to climb down the ladder, but didn’t have sufficient clearance to get down with his air bottle on,” wrote Chief Lindsay of the rescue attempt. “At this point, there was a lot of heat and smoke coming up through the hole, and some fire visible from the underside of the floor. He asked to have someone cut the hole larger so that he could get down.” Wiley then took a hose and again started down the ladder into the basement, taking the hose with him and trying to knock down the fire as he descended toward Nance, who by this time was unconscious at the base of the ladder. Wiley reached the bottom and grabbed hold of Nance with one hand, using the hose in his other hand to fight back the fire. He pushed and pulled for several minutes, as the flames spread around him. But he did not have the strength to pull the unconscious firefighter up the ladder. The heat was too intense. Wiley was running out of air and was becoming exhausted. Finally, when the warning bell on his air tank went off, Wiley was forced to try to save himself. He let go of Nance and struggled back up the ladder. He managed to get out of the building, but collapsed in the alley and passed out.

As Wiley was leaving the building, other firefighters could hear the warning bell ringing on Nance’s air tank. A rescue was critical now. The unconscious Nance had only two minutes of air left. Firefighter John Brining, of Rescue Two, was next to go into the hole. He, too, went down the ladder with a hose line, fighting the fire as he went. “I kept stepping off trying to find him,” Brining recalls. “As I went down, I thought I was close to the floor. I kept reaching out with my foot to step off to the floor. But there was no floor there. I went down another rung and it was the same thing. Finally, I got down to the floor level and stepped off. Evidently, I just stepped over top of him or he was behind the ladder. I’m not sure which. I took an inch-and-a-half hose line and I was probing around with my feet, throwing water to keep the fire down. The fire was rolling between the joists, like in slow-motion animation. I was below that. There were a bunch of cardboard boxes down there. And by this time, his bell had quit ringing. I couldn’t find him. If he would have had some kind of alarm system device so I could have located where he was at, or a flashlight, it would have been a lot easier to find him.”

“I think I stepped on him on my way out,” Brining continues. “But my alarm bell went off. When you get low on air you’ve got about two minutes left when the bell starts to ring. And I knew I was deep into the building. Sometimes two minutes is not enough. By the time I got to the back of the building I was sucking the mask to my face. I was out of air.”

Nance was out of air, too. The building was getting hotter and smokier by the second. Fire began to show in the upper floors. Conditions were beginning to look as though they might soon be ripe for a flashover, or perhaps even a backdraft explosion,” recounted Lindsay. “I wasn’t sure how many firefighters were still in the building. Chief Mills indicated to me that we’d better be thinking about ordering everyone out of the building.”

“It was about this time that Victor Runkle of Rescue Two came up to me and said, ‘Can I try to him?’ At first I said, ‘No-things are going downhill too fast-we can’t risk it.’ But not willing to give up at that point, Runkle persisted and I told him, ‘OK, but I want a rope tied around you, and have someone else go in with you.’ Gary Cox of Ladder Eight joined Runkle as they entered the building. They followed the hose lines toward the hole. But before they could reach it, the fire and smoke conditions got dramatically worse and Mills and Lindsay decided everyone had to be evacuated. Flames were clearly visible on the upper floors now. “I grabbed two fresh firefighters from the crew of Ladder 13 who had responded to the third alarm,” remembers Lindsay. “I carefully instructed them: ‘I want you to follow this rope and hose line into the building and tell everyone in there to get out immediately.’ They did so, and in a minute or two everyone in the fire building-except acting lieutenant John Nance-came out into the alley.”

The building was now completely engulfed in flames. Still, the firefighters wanted to go back in and get Nance out. Some even tried to enter the burning building in their street clothes. “There was a guy down there,” says Arson Squad Lt. Greg Lee. “We don’t lose guys. We save them. We can whip fire. Fire can’t whip one of us. It was just inconceivable to accept the fact that there was nothing you could do.”

“The mood outside was total emptiness,” adds Capt. Porter. “You are watching that building burn and you’ve got a friend in there. My thought was, ‘What’s going through his mind?’ Of course, at that time he was unconscious, I’m sure. But you just look at that building and it’s burning and there goes a man’s life. It’s a horrible feeling.”

There were several last-ditch rescue attempts. Several firefighters opened manholes to see if they led into the basement. None did. Other men tried to cut a hole into an old elevator at the side of the building, in hopes that it would lead to the basement, too. It did not. “By that time it was obvious to all of us,” says Porter. “We knew he was long out of air. It became a situation where we just wanted a recovery. We didn’t want him to stay there. And there was that one-in-a-million shot. You just keep thinking, ‘Maybe, maybe, maybe.’ ”

But it was not to be. The fire spread throughout the building. It went to four alarms and was finally contained at 5:07 am. Nance’s body was recovered from the rubble in the basement shortly after noon on Sunday. The unused second air bottle that his comrades had lowered to him was lying beside him. The Franklin County coroner later found that the carbon monoxide level in Nance’s bloodstream was 64.7 percent. A level of 6 percent is enough to cause death. The coroner said the cause of death was asphyxiation.

“Murder” is the term the police and fire departments are using. So far, they have no suspects.

Columbus fire department arson investigators are not talking about their investigation into the Mithoff Building fire. They have confirmed only that the fire was set, and that it probably started in the basement of the Wall Flower Shop.

“We cannot discuss the specifics of the origin of the fire,” says investigator Jack Ward, who is working on the case with Lt. Greg Lee. “These specifics are known only to the person who set the fire and to our investigators. This is the only tool we have to discern between persons who have actual knowledge of the fire and persons who claim to have actual knowledge of the fire.” In other words, it’s the only way they’ve got to weed out the crazies who like to confess to setting big fires.

Arson investigators are working closely with the Columbus police homicide squad on the investigation. The first few months were spent interviewing witnesses to the fire and tenants in the Mithoff Building. The federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms also is assisting with the investigation by doing lab work on the debris taken from the fire scene.

The Mithoff Building was owned by 155 North High Ltd., a limited partnership headed by Charles J. Ruma-a major Columbus real estate developer and co-owner of Beulah Park race track. Partnership papers filed in 1982 show that Ruma was the general partner. Limited partners included Ruma’s brother, Steven J. Ruma; Columbus architect Phillip T. Markwood; David C. Swaddling, vice president of Discovery Systems; and Fergus A. Theibert, an employee of the local office of NCR Corporation. The partnership purchased the four-story office building in August, 1982, for $795,000. Franklin County property tax records show that it had a current market value of about $1.1 million: $703,100 for the land and $396,900 for the building.

Ruma says he has no idea who would want to burn his building. “I just don’t know,” he says. “I know that the arson squad has been working on an investigation for the past couple of months. I really hope they bring it to a conclusion. We had nobody in that building who was controversial with respect to us as a landlord. It was a typical downtown office building. I can’t believe somebody would want to do it-that anybody would have any kind of a motive to destroy that building. This has been a very, very sad deal for me and, I’m sure, the Nances.”

Ruma says the partnership had $1 million insurance on the building. But he estimates that it would take $2.5 million to replace. (Fire department officials set damages at $3 million.) “When we pay off our mortgages we end up with nothing,” he says. “It was just a bad deal. The worst part was a life was lost. The second worst part is that we lost our investment.”

Less than half the space was rented at the time of the fire. Ruma says the first floor was occupied by the Wall Flower Shop, Russell’s Tall Girl Shoes and the Central Ohio Transit Authority’s customer service office. The upper floors were occupied by several businesses and organizations including the Ohio Public Interest Campaign, the Ohio Environmental Council and R.L. Polk & Company, makers of Columbus city directories.

The building was demolished after the fire.

It’s a 51-mile drive from Engine House Number Two to the 82-acre farm at the bottom of the hill on Long Run Road. Even on a good day, it takes more than an hour to get there from downtown Columbus. But John Nance didn’t mind the ride. He had grown up in Milo Grogan, a run-down inner-city neighborhood where barbed wire, not trees, lines the streets. He purchased the farm in 1974 because he wanted something better for his wife and three children. He bought himself a few cows, planted a little corn. The farm was his escape-from the city and from the pressures of his job. When he wasn’t farming, he might be hunting or fishing. He went to so many antique shows-looking for tools and furniture he could use on the farm-that his firefighting buddies took to calling him the “Junk Collector.” He enjoyed working with wood and metal and made little knickknacks which he often gave away as gifts. It was a simple life, built around his family and the farm.

By 1987, his children were grown and had their own families. For Nance, all that remained was to retire and fix up the old farmhouse. He and his wife, Linda, planned to do a little traveling-to see their daughter in Kansas City and a son in Toledo. But most of all, John Nance just wanted to ride his tractor and tend to his crops and cows.

The tractor still sits where he last parked it, next to a sheet-metal pole barn on a knoll overlooking his farm house. Across from the pole barn, an aging corn crib still bulges with the lumber Nance had planned to use on the house. He had cut the wood himself, from trees on the farm. There are other reminders of John Nance here-little things that show how much he loved this farm. Nailed to a post on the cattle pen is a handpainted sign that reads, “John’s Girls.” It was a Christmas present from one of his wife’s friends. Mrs. Nance often joked that John treated his cows more like children than animals.

Down the hill, near the back door of the farmhouse, is another Christmas present: a bell given to Nance by one of his sons. Nance had painted the bell and hung it high on a pole that sits in the shade of a 100-year-old oak tree. Linda used it to call him in from the barn when dinner was ready.

These days, the dinner bell is silent. But inside the farmhouse, there is a bustle of activity. Dozens of firefighters from Columbus and other Ohio cities have spent the past four months renovating the house-completing the work that John Nance began. It’s their way of coming to grips with the death of a close friend.

Bonds are formed when men and women depend on each other for their lives. But even by fire department standards, the camaraderie that existed between John Nance and other firefighters was special. His coworkers respected and admired him. But the feelings and emotions ran deeper than that. When he died, they didn’t just lose a colleague. They lost a member of the family.

“If you could pick yourself out a friend, this was just about the kind of guy you’d want to pick,” explains Columbus firefighter Mike Miller, a close friend of the Nances and a leader of the remodeling project. “John was the type of guy that every time somebody else needed a hand, he was always the first one to jump in. He’d do anything for you, and you felt like you’d want to do anything for him.”

And so, working on their free time and using their own money, 70 to 80 of John Nance’s friends have quietly pitched in. They put up a new roof. They replaced all the windows and doors. They installed siding, poured a new cement floor for the basement, added a heating and air conditioning system, rewired the electrical systems, reworked the plumbing, put up new drywall, remodeled the bathroom and the bedrooms.

“We wanted to do something for him,” says Miller. “He was a good friend.”

For Linda Nance, the outpouring of help has been overwhelming and comforting. “I never expected anything like this,” she says. “It was a total shock. I knew John had a lot of friends. But these guys are just something special.”

Mrs. Nance-an attractive, petite woman with a touch of gray in her curly dark hair-didn’t stay at the farm much in the days and weeks after her husband’s death. The memories were just too painful. The fellowship and generosity of her husband’s friends have been bright spots in a bleak four months.

But as she walked around the farm on a recent autumn day, her emotions jumped from gratitude to sorrow. Standing on a hill overlooking her farmhouse, she suddenly became aware that once the work was done and the firefighters were gone, she would be alone. She cried.

“I’m just trying to take it one day at a time, sometimes an hour at a time. I know I’m staying here. But as far as anything else, I just don’t know.”

“John was not one for prestige or recognition of any kind,” Mrs. Nance added. “He did his job and he did it well. When the job was over, he wanted some peace and quiet and family around him. And I did, too.”

But that was taken away from Linda Nance on July 25-by an arsonist who never knew John Nance or cared about his dreams. “I haven’t had a chance to express the anger yet,” says Mrs. Nance. “And maybe I won’t. I hold things inside. Yet, the anger is there.”

“What do you do about it?”

Story By: Michael Norman a staff writer for Columbus Monthly

 

 

FFPG Drills: Firefighter Removal "Hole Through The Floor"

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FFPG Drills: Firefighter Removal "Hole Through The Floor" Also known to FFPG as the "John Nance Drill"

FFPG conducted this drill to demonstrate one way of removing an unconscious firefighter from a basement. This drill was complete in 3 minutes, 33 seconds. Here is the drill uninterrupted and shot from multiple camera angles. In the future we will conduct this drill again in a more realistic scenario with a smoke condition. The purpose of this drill was mainly to feature this rope technique. Note: This procedure is used as a last resort. If stairways are compromised, if there is no additional access to a basement, and if portable ladders through the hole are not feasible, then this can be a go to move. It's also important for FFPG to mention that the fire conditions will dictate if this procedure is possible. Positioning a hand line is paramount to providing protection to both the down member and firefighters tasked with his removal. Your department and or company must train on this procedure extensively in a controlled environment prior to utilizing it at a true Mayday!

This procedure is an advanced skill and should only be performed by experienced and properly trained firefighters.

This is also dedicated to John Nance!

Please read the full story of his LODD when you can "The Murder of John Nance".

As always stay safe -FFPG

Links:

The murder of Columbus firefighter John Nance

Pain of that ‘terrible night’ remains for firefighters

 

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"Size-Up Series" Private Dwelling With Window Bars

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Building Information:

2 ½ Story Peaked Roof Private Dwelling

Window Bars on the 1st Floor

Note: For this drill you are the first due engine officer and you have 3 additional firefighters. There is reports of people trapped and the 1st ladder company will be delayed.Your chauffer is connected to a positive water source and is 25 feet from the main entrance.


This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

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Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwelling #1

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Building Information:

9 story Non-fireproof occupied multiple dwelling

1 interior stair and elevator

Fire escapes on exposure 1 & 3 (A & C) side

No standpipe


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

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  6377 Hits

Fire Protected #1

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Building Information:

Type 2 Non- Combustible

Sprinklered Hallways

Sprinkler Siamese exposure located on exposure 1 or A side


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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Private Dwelling: "Queen Anne"

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Building Information:

"Queen Anne"


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

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Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwelling #2

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Drill Scenario:

For this drill you are the incident commander of this incident. Your command post is established on exposure 1 or A side. You currently have 3 engines and 2 truck companies on scene.

Building Information:

3 Story 20' x 60' Non-Fireproof Multiple Dwelling

Fire escapes are located on exposures 1 and 2 (A and C side)


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

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Mixed Occupancy #1

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Building Information:

3 Story non-fireproof mixed occupancy

Doctors Office 1st Floor

Apartments on 2nd and 3rd Floors

No sprinkler System


Note: For this drill the first due engine is connected to a positive water source and is 50 feet from the main entrance

This drill is part of the Firefighter Proving Grounds "Size-Up Series". This series is designed for firefighters to drill and train with their departments using their SOP's

 

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Recent Aerial Placement “Thinking outside the box”

Recent Aerial Placement “Thinking outside the box”

The primary reason for placing an aerial in any particular place on the fire ground comes down to one thing: EFFECTIVENESS

Whether the Ladder is being used for a rescue, access, egress, or for extinguishment, you want to place your piece of equipment in its most effective spot to accomplish the task at hand.

Seen here is excellent positioning and “thinking outside the box” by the chauffeur of Ladder 56 at a recent fire in the Bronx. He was able to position his rig to gain access for Ladder 56’s roof firefighter. Low hanging wires are an issue throughout many cities and towns. By doing a quick size-up as a truck Chauffeur you might be able to get your rig into a working position. This skill set takes training and time to learn. But once mastered, it can make a big difference at any fire scene!

Photo Credit FFPG Contributor: John Hopper

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Welcome to Firefighter Proving Ground's new website!

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Welcome to Firefighter Proving Ground's new website!

First, we want to thank each member of our community who follows us on our social platforms. As of today, we have 100,000+ followers on Instagram, 50,000+ followers on Facebook, and 900 followers on Twitter. You followers are the foundation of our community and we can’t thank you enough!

Firefighter Proving Grounds, which was started in February 2016, was founded to form a new firefighter community for firefighters and the public that supports them. The material we post is aimed at motivating, inspiring, and teaching the next generation of firefighters, while showing the public the hard work all firefighters put in. Now that we have begun to build a strong community through social media it is time for our next chapter. Through our new website, we aim to bring you, our followers, better content more frequently.

ffpgdrill500FFPG is run by a small team of career firefighters who work in various fire departments throughout the Northeast. Our key members work for the New York City Fire Department within the Special Operations Command. Some of our FFPG team members also volunteer in their towns’ local volunteer fire departments. All our members have over 10 years on the job, are rescue specialists trained in technical rescue, and hold technician level certifications in every discipline. From the inception of FFPG our goal was to let the content speak for itself. This community is not about us, but rather about sharing information we have learned from our own experiences and those before us, and of course motivating all firefighters, especially the next generation!

Be sure to check out our new website, www.FFProvingGrounds.com and be sure to let us know what you think!

Stay focused, stay motivated, stay safe!

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Preparing for a job in civil service

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The question “how do I prepare for a job in civil service” comes up frequently.  There are some people who know from a very early age that they are going to seek a job in civil service, while others may come about this realization later on in life.  Upon reflecting on the question, the simplest and most direct answer is nothing more than four simple words “DO THE RIGHT THING.”  In a nutshell, that is the best way to prepare yourself to not only get a civil service job, but to succeeded in one as well.  We are going to touch on a few points, and expand on them, but this underlying answer will be seen over and over.

The first point, and the one that we can control very easily, is to maintain a high level of physical fitness.  It is not a secret that a life of firefighting will require you to be in shape for the duration of your career.  While keeping this level of physical fitness is required for a successful career, pretty much any firefighting hiring process will require you to complete both a physical fitness test and a mandatory medical examination.  Overall fitness and health is a great baseline, but we can gear our efforts towards specific tasks which may be required for a certain examination.  Many tests will require you to perform tasks such as a timed Stairmaster session, while wearing a heart rate monitor, moving hose lines, throwing ladders, carrying saws, dragging weighted dummies, or any other multitude of tasks which you will perform as a firefighter.  If you do not have a good baseline of physical fitness, training for these specific tasks will be ever more difficult.  Know what the physical test will consist of and recreate it, or the actions needed to complete the tasks.  Some events might need strength, some might need endurance.  Be prepared for either or both, depending on what is required.  Peak physical condition will also assist you in passing a medical examination, as well as making the right diet choices.  If you think about skipping a training session or making a poor choice for your diet, the easy answer on how to succeed…DO THE RIGHT THING.

academy500Our second point in this article, and again something that we can control easily, is our actions as a member of society.  What do we mean by this?  Good moral character is something that is required for any person preparing for or working in civil service.  You might get a traffic ticket for speeding, or maybe running a red light.  Are these necessarily disqualifications for employment?  Well, if you tell the truth about them during your investigation, then most likely they will not be.  If you lie about anything that may have happened in your past and get caught in that lie, then yes you can get disqualified for them.  Good moral character includes being truthful and during your investigation that is exactly what you should be.  The investigators can, and will, find out everything about you.  Now if you are faced with bigger decisions, instances where you have the choice to choose between what you know is right and what you know is wrong, guess what… DO THE RIGHT THING.  Don’t get behind the wheel after drinking, don’t commit any of the litany of criminal offenses that exist, choose your group of friends wisely and stay clear of illicit drugs and prescription medications that were not prescribed to you.  Major offences like felonies are almost a guaranteed disqualification from most any civil service job.

Another quick point to note in regards to our actions is while sometimes things that we do in our day-to-day lives may certainly not have any criminality to them, they can be perceived as childish, immature, inappropriate, or embarrassing.   We all will have these moments from time to time but documenting them on social media platforms is not a recommended course of action for anyone seeking employment as a firefighter or any other civil service position.  A simple search of a name can result in an investigator seeing your Instagram or Facebook profile picture.  It may result in some pictures on friend’s social media that may not be so flattering.  You should do your best to avoid these situations in the first place, but do yourself a favor and before beginning the process, work to delete any of these pictures off of social media entirely.  Also, while the right to free speech is something we hold dear, sometimes your opinions are better left said in good company and not plastered all over social media.  Remember, positions like a firefighter require the public’s trust, as well as your employer’s trust.  Don’t give the investigator anything to use against you.  When it comes to your social media, again DO THE RIGHT THING!    

The next thing you can do to prepare for a position in civil service can help you not only obtain a position, but also move through the ranks.  Achieving a college degree is something that can help you through your entire career.  There are positions out there where college credits are necessary, maybe not a degree, but a specific amount of credits.  This is something you will have to research and find out what the requirements are for your desired job.  When considering what kind of schooling you are going to pursue, do not just look at what you need to get hired.  Dig deeper into what you might need for advancement.  You might need to only have 30 college credits to get hired, but you might need an associate degree to get promoted to Lieutenant, and then a bachelor’s degree to get promoted to Captain.  School may also be in the form of medical training.  Most fire departments will require you to have some form of medical training before you are able to be hired.  This could be as basic as simple first aid and CPR, or as complex as being a paramedic.  Check the requirements for the jobs you are going to be applying for, and start fulfilling them as early as possible.  Now you could just get your credits and get hired, then go for a degree later on in life, but consider these things.  As you move forward in life, life happens.  You might get married, have children, take on a second job possibly.  All of these might deter you, maybe even prevent you, from going back to school.  If you know you want to go into civil service, do yourself a favor and stay in school. Your future self will thank you for having this checkmark completed when you had the time to do so. 

Civil service is rarely, if ever, a fast-moving process.  You may take a written exam one year, not get called for the physical exam until a year after the written, then maybe a few months after the physical you will be called in for the background and medical portions of the hiring process.  These estimates are for those who score in the top percentiles of all testing.  If you are in the middle of the list, or even towards the bottom, you can realistically wait three to four years to go through the process.  Like we just spoke about, school is an amazing thing to do during this time.  If you have already completed your degree, consider taking on a job in a trade, or some other profession with similarities to your desired position.  While employed as a firefighter you will use power tools, handyonkerfd500x tools, saws, deconstruct buildings to search for pockets of fire, encounter collapsed buildings that you may have to decide are or are not structurally stable, among many other things.  Working in trades will allow you to gain knowledge in building construction, how to handle power tools, and how to work alongside others to complete a project.  More important possibly than any of these things we just listed, working a long grueling day in the frigid cold, the blistering heat, or torrential rain will let you get use to the conditions that you will have to endure while working as a firefighter.  We don’t take rain days, or snow days.  We need to perform in any weather, at any time.  The more you are used to working in these kinds of situations, will only make you a better firefighter.

Our last point, and arguably the absolute most important, is to find the tests you are looking to take.  The test for the position you want may only be given every few years.  If you miss filing, you might be too old to take the next test, and you will miss your chance of ever having that job.  You can use traditional announcements in outlets like a civil service newspaper.  In New York City, an example would be the newspaper The Chief Leader.  A way to expand your search, or without using traditional means, is by using a web browser and just searching for something like “New York City civil service announcements.”  If you know you want to be a firefighter, broaden your horizons.  Tests are given for firefighter positions all over the country, don’t just commit yourself to one area and hope for the best.  Use a website like governmentjobs.com to help you find tests across the country.  You can even avail yourself to federal positions across the country by making a profile on usajobs.gov.  The more tests you take, the better chance you will have of achieving your dream.  If you take 10 tests, you might end up being hired by one fire department, then in a few years being called for one you may prefer more.  Who knows, maybe the position you never thought would be for you actually ends up being your dream job.  Our point is, “don’t put all your eggs in one basket” and hope for the best.  The goal is to be a firefighter, police officer, or correction officer.  Doing the job is more important than where you do it.     

There are a few things to note as far as behaviors during the hiring process.  While you may have a “hook” inside your desired department, they will do you no good if you never get through the door.  When filing out your application and any paperwork, pay attention to details.  Hand back paperwork that is completely filled out neatly, as per all instructions.  When you are scheduled to be somewhere if you are on time, you are late.  Allow yourself enough time to get there early.  Don’t be thrown off your game or forget something because you are running late.  Punctuality is super important.  Attire matters.  Business attire, meaning a suit and tie, is the way you should show up to all parts of the process unless you are told otherwise.  Neat jeans and a polo shirt are not business attire.   Honestly, if you are successful in achieving your goal, this could be the last time you ever need to wear a suit and tie, so enjoy it!

We have tried to hit as many things as possible in this short article.  Of course, there may be some things we might have left out, maybe a situation you might encounter during your specific job’s hiring process.  If this is the case, we encourage you to inquire with people who have gone through that specific process.  We are speaking in generalizations here, and while these points carry over from one civil service job to the next, there most certainly are region/job specific requirements.  We are confident that if you DO THE RIGHT THING when it comes to how you care for yourself, how you conduct yourself, education choices you make during your life, how you spend the time between test and hiring, and how you conduct yourself during the hiring process, you will have given yourself the best possible chance of fulfilling your dream.

A very big thanks to a friend of ours who contributed to this article.  He is not only an active police officer, but also is an adjunct professor at a local college, teaching a class in civil service prep.       

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